ABSTRACT
Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive, degenera?ve disease that leads to joint pain, tenderness, s?ffness, locking, effusion, reduced mo?on, swelling, crepitus, and disability. The pain in OA is the most significant clinical feature and impacts func?on, mobility, quality of life, and the reason for medical advice. Methods: Fi?y individuals with primary knee OA in the age range of 45–90 years were chosen at random for the research (N=50). The American College of Rheumatology’s diagnos?c criteria were employed to diagnose osteoarthri?s, and a visual analogue scale was u?lized to score the severity of pain. Knee OA was graded using the Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) radiographic assessment method. The an?oxidant levels of superoxide dismutase in the synovial fluid were measured by using a spectrophotometric assay. Results: Grades 1, 2, 3, and 4 have SOD ac?vity values of 1.43±0.55, 1.44±0.72, 0.92±0.52, and 0.87 ±0.52 U/ml, respec?vely, in synovial fluid. Synovial fluid SOD ac?vity was higher in grades 1 & 2 of KOA as compared to grades 3 &4 and the difference was sta?s?cally significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: There was a link between K-L grade and synovial an?oxidant ac?vity level. In the late stages of knee osteoarthri?s, the an?oxidant enzyme (SOD) ac?vity was reduced.According to the results of this study, regular an?oxidant supplementa?on to early osteoarthri?s pa?ents may delay disease progression by improving the an?oxidant status of the knee, which neutralises free radicals and thus prevents car?lage damage.
ABSTRACT
Background:The aim of our study was to study and compare the levels of Adenosine deaminase, total proteins and glucose levels in tubercular and non tubercular Pleural Effusion patients, and simultaneously to establish the diagnostic utility of Pleural fluid adenosine deaminase activity in tubercular pleural effusion. Study Design: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted on patients attending the Out Patient Department or admitted in Medicine or Pulmonary Ward of SMIH, Dehradun (UK) for a period of 6 months from Aug2017 to Jan 2018. 56 cases of tubercular pleural effusion above 15years were selected randomly for the study. The control group consists of 54 subjects of non tubercular pleural effusion. Exclusion criteria was age below 14 years & those who were not willing to participate. Inclusion criteria was age above 14 years, Pleural fluid smear positive for AFB or fluid culture positive for mycobacteria tuberculosis, positive sputum culture, positive pleural biopsy. All the cases and controls were subjected to complete history, clinical examination and pleural fluid estimation for ADA, protein and glucose. Material & Method: Both the cases and controls were subjected to complete history taking, clinical examination and pleural fluid estimation for ADA, protein and glucose. The pleural fluid sample was processed on Vitros 250 for glucose & protein and on semi autoanalyzer (Erba chem) for ADA.Results & Conclusion: In the test group the Mean ± SD of ADA activity was 103.29±61.26 IU/l whereas in control group it was25.0±18.2 IU/l. Thus the activity of ADA in the test group was significantly higher than the control group (p<0.0001). In the test group, the Mean ± SD of glucose level was 65.80±29.27 mg/dl and in the control group was 123.1±79.9 mg/dl. Thus the level of glucose in the control group was higher than the test group (p<0.0001). Similarly the mean values of protein were found to be much higher in test group (4.69±0.97 gm/dl) as compared to the control group (3.2±1.0 gm/dl), which was found to be highly significant (p<0.001).
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of our study was to find out the prevalence of osteoporotic changes in relation to age and sex in the rural population of Muzaffarnagar district. Study design: A hospital-based random survey was conducted by the department of orthopaedics – outreach activities in a rural area of distt. Muzaffarnagar (U.P.). This study was conducted during a period of 10 months from October 2010 to July 2011. A total number of 510 subjects including both males (260) and females (250) in the age group 20 - 80 years were selected randomly for the study. These subjects were divided into two groups according to age and sex (20 - 49 years and above 50 years), and were screened for BMD by bone densitiometer and their T scores were calculated. Methodology: The participants underwent BMD measurements by achilles ultrasound bone densitiometer. The result of BMD were analysed on the basis of T scores and were re-presented in the form of table and graph. Result: Out of the 260 males included in the study, 170 males were in age group (20 - 49 years) and 90 males were (above 50 years). In the age group (20 - 49 years), 66 males (38.8%) had a low BMD which was in the range of osteopenia, and 8 (4.7%) had osteoporosis and 96 (56.4%) had normal BMD values. In males above 50 years of age, 60 (66.8%) had osteopenia, 10 (11.1%) had osteoporosis and 20 (22.2%) had normal BMD values. Out of the 250 females included in the study, 192 females were in the age group 20 - 49 years, and 58 females were above 50 years of age. In the age group 20 - 49 years, 96 females (50%) had low BMD which was in the range of osteopenia, 16 (8.3%) had osteoporosis, and 80 (41.6%) had normal BMD. In females above 50 years of age, 34 (58.6%) had osteopenia, 14 (24.1%) had osteoporosis, and 10 (17.2%) had normal BMD.